Sources
Our sources sometimes feel innumerable, and often unnameable.
While a select bibliography can be found at the end of in this place together, we’ve included a broader list of primary sources below. For the most part, sources are listed in the order they were used.
We’ve also included notes on the names we changed in the text. These names are listed below under the chapter in which they first appeared.
A note from Penina
“50 Days: More Than 500 Children: Facts and Figures on Fatalities in Gaza, Summer 2014.” B’Tselem.
“Occupied Territories: Key Figures on the 2014 Hostilities.” OCHA: United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, June 23, 2015.
Hizma Village Profile. Jerusalem: Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem, 2012, 4.
Cohen, Hillel. Year Zero of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: 1929. Translated by Haim Watzman. Waltham: Brandeis University Press, 2015, xi.
“The Arab-Israeli War of 1948.” Office of the Historian.
Lorch, Netanel. “The Arab-Israeli Wars.” Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
“Jordan Profile – Timeline.” BBC News, June 5, 2018.
Karpel, Dalia. “The Palestinians Who Didn’t Flee During the Nakba.” Haaretz, September 21, 2017.
“Six-Day War.” Encyclopedia Britannica, updated May 29, 2020.
A note from Sulaiman
Mandela, Nelson. Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela. US: QMB, 1994, 622.
Chapter 1: Ta‘mira
Encyclopedia Britannica, “Six-Day War.”
“1967: Egypt and Jordan Unite against Israel.” BBC News.
“The 1967 Arab-Israeli War.” Office of the Historian.
Cavendish, Richard. “Jordan Formally Annexes the West Bank,” History Today, April 4, 2000.
El-Eini, Roza. Mandated Landscape: British Imperial Rule in Palestine, 1929-1948. New York: Routledge, 2006, xxiii.
Names we have changed in this section: Hanif, Fadi, Mohannad, Karim, Wahed Qudsi, Aziz, Fadel, Nayla.
Chapter 2:
Ra’s al-Tawil
Friedman, Thomas L. “The Beirut Massacre: The Four Days.” New York Times, September 26, 1982.
Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Events at the Refugee Camps in Beirut. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, February 8, 1983.
Applied Research Institute, Hizma Village Profile, 8.
King, Mary Elizabeth. A Quiet Revolution: The First Palestinian Intifada and Nonviolent Resistance. New York: Nation Books, 2007, 115-6.
Miller, Judith. “The P.L.O. in Exile.” New York Times, August 18, 1985.
Names we have changed in this section: Khadija, Sami, Asif, Adil, Samira.
Chapter 3:
A hidden place
McDonald, David A. My Voice Is My Weapon: Music, Nationalism, and the Poetics of Palestinian Resistance. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2013, 102, 114, 294.
Cohen, Shaul Ephraim. The Politics of Planting: Israeli-Palestinian Competition for Control of Land in the Jerusalem Periphery. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1993, 80-81.
Tamari, Salim. "Fading Flags: The Crises of Palestinian Legitimacy." Middle East Report, no.194/195 (May-August 1995): 11.
Shezaf, Hagar. “Israel Rejects Over 98 Percent of Palestinian Building Permit Requests in West Bank’s Area C.” Haaretz, January 21, 2020.
Names we have changed in this section: Lina, Farid.
Chapter 4:
‘Ayn Farrah
Khatib, Sarah. Interview with Sulaiman and Penina, Spring 2016.
Aviram, Nitza and Itzchak Rabichiya. “We Talked in a Friendly Way with Two Arabs.” Yedioth Ahronoth, August 22, 1986.
Chapter 5: Shibl
Torture and Ill-Treatment: Israel's Interrogation of Palestinians from the Occupied Territories. New York: Human Rights Watch, June 1994.
Routine Torture: Interrogation Methods of the General Security Service. B’Tselem, February 1998.
“Inside Arafat’s Compound of Rubble.” BBC News, September 22, 2002.
Aramin, Bassam. Interviews with Penina, Spring 2016 and December 2019.
Aljafari, Ahmad. Interview with Penina, Spring 2016.
Khatib, Sarah, interview.
“Regulation 119 of the Defense (Emergency) Regulations, 1945.” HaMoked.
Pomeranz, Michal (Israeli human rights lawyer). Emails to Penina, June 27, 2016.
Asali, Abed (Palestinian human rights lawyer). Interview with Penina, Spring 2016.
Sheizaf, Noam. “Conviction Rate for Palestinians in Israel’s Military Courts: 99.74%.” +972 Magazine, November 29, 2011.
Chapter 6: Clockwork
& prayer
Names we have changed in this section: Ruhi, Omar, Suhail, Yunus, Nasri.
Chapter 7:
Mayy wa milh
Fares, Qaddura. Interview with Penina, Spring 2016.
Tahhan, Zena. “A Timeline of Palestinian Mass Hunger Strikes in Israel.” Al Jazeera, May 28, 2017.
Lynd, Staughton, Sam Bahour and Alice Lynd, eds. Homeland: Oral Histories of Palestine and Palestinians. Brooklyn: Olive Branch Press, 1994, 159-60.
Wahdan, Waleed. Interview with Penina, Spring 2016.
Phoenix, Eamon. “NIO files: Dirty Protests, Violence and the ‘Teapot Summit.’” BBC News, December 30, 2010.
Walker, R.K. The Hunger Strikes. Frontline Noir, 2013, introduction, Kindle.
Aramin, Bassam, interviews.
King, A Quiet Revolution, 203.
Names we have changed in this section: Rafiq, Hisham.
Chapter 8: Abnaa’ al-intifada
Qumsiyeh, Mazin B. Popular Resistance in Palestine: A History of Hope and Empowerment. London: Pluto Press, 2011, 126-127, 130-134.
King, A Quiet Revolution, 5, 95-99, 203-4, 257.
“West Bank Population.” Peace Now.
Friedman, Thomas. “Gush Katif Journal.” New York Times, November 27, 1987.
Ennab, Dr. Wael R. Population and Demographic Developments in the West Bank and Gaza Strip until 1990. West Bank: United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 1994, Table 2.1.
Fisher, Dan. “Palestinian Student Killed in Clash with Israeli Forces at West Bank University.” Los Angeles Times, April 14, 1987.
Kifner, John. “A General Strike by Israel’s Arabs Disrupts Country,” New York Times, December 22, 1987.
Peace is Loud. “What you need to know about the 1987 Intifada.” PBS, March 22, 2019.
Kifner, John. “Arab Is Killed in Gaza and Another Dies of Wounds.” New York Times, December 15, 1987.
“Military Order 101.” B’Tselem, September 8, 2011.
“Fatalities in the First Intifada.” B’Tselem.
“A Year of Palestinian Revolt.” New York Times, December 9, 1988.
Qumsiyeh, Popular Resistance, 138, 143-5.
Speri, Alice. “How the Oslo Accords Betrayed the Palestinian Women Behind the First Intifada.” The Intercept, September 13, 2018.
Kuttab, Eileen S. "Palestinian Women in the ‘Intifada’: Fighting on Two Fronts.” Arab Studies Quarterly 15, no. 2 (1993): 80.
Hussein, Yamila. "The Stone and the Pen: Palestinian Education During the 1987 Intifada." The Radical Teacher, no. 74 (2005): 3.
Lewis, Anthony. “Abroad at Home; It Can Happen There.” New York Times, October 29, 1989.
Jaworowski, Ken. “Review: In ‘The Wanted 18,’ Palestinians Hide Cows From Israeli Forces.” Review of The Wanted 18, dir. by Paul Cowan and Amer Shomali. New York Times, June 18, 2015.
Ibrahim, Youssef M. “P.L.O. Proclaims Palestine to Be an Independent State.” New York Times, November 15, 1988.
Omer-Man, Michael. “The Accident That Sparked an Intifada.” The Jerusalem Post. December 4, 2011.
Prison Conditions in Israel and The Occupied Territories. New York: Human Rights Watch, 1991, 25.
Names we have changed in this section: Shadi.
Chapter 9:
Books & gas
Wahdan, interview.
Fares, interview
Raphael, Gaelle. “Al-Shabbi’s ‘The Will to Life.’” Jadaliyya, May 2, 2011.
Tamari, “Fading Flags,” 11.
Al-Muzayin, Said. “Fida’i.” See “Palestinian National Anthem.” Palestinian American Council.
Names we have changed in this section: Hatem, Maher, Aziz, Jaber.
Chapter 10:
A new world coming
“The Madrid Conference, 1991.” Office of the Historian.
Brittain, Victoria. “Haider Abdel-Shafi.” The Guardian, September 26, 2007.
“The Madrid Conference, 1991.” Office of the Historian.
Brittain, Victoria. “Haider Abdel-Shafi.” The Guardian, September 26, 2007.
“The Madrid Conference Opening Speeches: Address by Mr. Yitzhak Shamir.” Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, October 31, 1991.
Sedan, Gil. “Israel Picks Delegates for Madrid.” Jewish Telegraphic Agency, October 28, 1991.
“Stern Gang.” Encyclopedia Britannica.
“Yitzhak Shamir.” Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Nusseibeh, Sari with Anthony David. Once Upon a Country: A Palestinian Life. New York: Picador, 2007, 348.
Names changed in this section: Yasser, Abed.
Chapter 11: Many
pieces of paper
Haberman, Clyde. “Hunger Strike Lights A Spark Among Palestinians.” New York Times, October 12, 1992.
Hoffman, David. “Palestinian Prisoners Halt Hunger Strike.” Washington Post, October 12, 1992.
Sedan, Gil. “Arab Terrorists Kill Jewish Farmer as Riots Erupt over Prisoner’s Death.” Jewish Telegraphic Agency, October 16, 1992.
“Oslo Accords.” Just Vision.
“Text: 1993 Declaration of Principles.” BBC News, last modified November 29, 2001.
Shikaki, Khalil. “Do Palestinians Still Support the Two-State Solution?” Foreign Affairs, September 12, 2018.
Fawcett, Harry. “Hebron Massacre: Palestinians Mark Anniversary of Settler Attack.” Al Jazeera, February 23, 2019.
Lazaroff, Tovah. “U.S. Diplomat Revisits Hebron Massacre.” The Jerusalem Post, March 7, 2019.
Hedges, Chris. “Mideast Accord: The Overview.” New York Times, May 5, 1994.
Palestinian Political Prisoners. Jerusalem: PASSIA, Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs, 2011, 6.
Beinin, Joel. “The Demise of the Oslo Process.” Middle East Research and Information Project, March 26, 1999.
Names changed in this section: Mu‘tasim, Dov.
Chapter 12:
Little chance
“Occupied Palestinian Territory: Area C.” OCHA: United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Area C Vulnerability Profile. OCHA: United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, 2014, 1.
Kifner, John. “A Son of Israel: Rabin’s Assassin.” November 19, 1995.
“Parole Committee Protocol” for Sulaiman al-Khatib. Eshel Prison: January 12, 1997. Translated by the office of Israeli human rights lawyer Michal Pomeranz.
Khatib, Sarah, interview.
Shohat, Ella. “The Invention of the Mizrahim.” Journal of Palestine Studies 29, no. 1 (Autumn 99): 13-18.
Lavie, Smadar. “Mizrahi Feminism and the Question of Palestine.” Journal of Middle East Women’s Studies 7, no. 2 (Spring 2011): 57-58.
Shalom Chetrit, Sami. Intra-Jewish Conflict in Israel: White Jews, Black Jews. New York: Routledge, 2010, 16-17.
Names changed in this section: Farhat.
Chapter 13: ‘Awda
Shezaf, “Israel Rejects Over 98 Percent of Palestinian Building Permit Requests."
Names changed in this section: Imad, Omar, Yusuf.
Chapter 14:
Holy mountain
Jabbour, Elias J. Sulha: Palestinian Traditional Peacemaking Process. Montreat, NC: House of Hope Publications, 1993.
Sayre, Ward and Jennifer Olmsted. "Economics of Palestinian Return Migration." Middle East Report, no. 212 (Autumn 1999): 8.
Perlez, Jane. “Impasse at Camp David: The Overview.” New York Times, July 26, 2000.
“Yasser Arafat: Biographical.” Website of The Nobel Prize.
“Jerusalem’s Temple Mount/Haram al-Sharif Explained.” BBC News, October 15, 2015. https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-middle-east-34537296/jerusalem-s-temple-mount-haram-al-sharif-explained.
Faizer, Rizwi S. Review of The Shape of the Holy: Early Islamic Jerusalem, by Oleg Grabar. Rizwi’s Bibliography for Medieval Islam, July 1999.
Dabashi, Hamid. “What Does Haram al-Sharif Mean to Palestinians?” Al-Jazeera, November 3, 2015.
Greenberg, Joel. “Sharon Touches a Nerve, and Jerusalem Explodes.” New York Times, September 29, 2000.
Kreitner, Richard. “September 28, 2000: Ariel Sharon Visits the Temple Mount, Sparking the Second Intifada.” The Nation, September 28, 2015.
Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Events at the Refugee Camps in Beirut. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
“Three Palestinians Reported Dead in Clash at Jerusalem Shrine.” New York Times, September 29, 2000.
Stein, Yael. Illusions of Restraint: Human Rights Violations During the Events in the Occupied Territories 29 September – 2 December 2000. B’Tselem, 2000, 3.
Names changed in this section: Hisham.
Chapter 15: Helicopters
Qumsiyeh, Popular Resistance, 169.
“Second Intifada.” Just Vision.
“Fatalities before Operation ‘Cast Lead.’” B’Tselem.
“Victims of Palestinian Violence and Terrorism Since September 2000.” Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Stein, Illusions of Restraint, 3.
Fallows, James. “Who Shot Mohammed al-Dura?” The Atlantic, June 2003.
“Three Palestinians Reported Dead in Clash at Jerusalem Shrine.” New York Times, September 29, 2000.
“Lynch Mob’s Brutal Attack.” BBC News. October 13, 2000.
Sontag, Deborah. “Israel Strikes Back After a School Bus is Bombed.” New York Times, November 21, 2000.
“Timeline of Second (al-Aqsa) Intifada.” MidEast Web.
Khatib, Sarah, interview.
“Suicide Bombing at the Sbarro Pizzeria in Jerusalem.” Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Names changed in this section: Jamal, Khalid, Nabil, Reza.
Chapter 16:
Properties of Snow
“A Palestinian Communiqué Against Martyrdom Attacks.” The Middle East Media Research Institute, June 25, 2002.
“Intifada Toll: 2000-2005.” BBC News, February 8, 2005.
Lein, Yehezkel. Behind the Barrier: Human Rights Violations as a Result of Israel’s Separation Barrier. Jerusalem: B’Tselem, March 2003.
Katz, Sheila H. Connecting with the Enemy: A Century of Palestinian-Israeli Joint Nonviolence. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2016, 159.
“We Have To Prove That We Can Do The Impossible.” The Guardian, January 9, 2004.
“Our Peoples Can Live Together in Peace and Friendship.” The Guardian, January 19, 2004.
Applied Research Institute, Hizma Village Profile, 17.
Names changed in this section: Sahar, Hadar, Noam.
Chapter 17:
Shared words
Cohen, Hillel. Interview with Penina, Spring 2016.
Alon, Chen. Interviews with Penina and Sulaiman, Spring 2016.
Wishnitzer, Avner. Interviews with Penina and Sulaiman, Spring 2016 and December 2019.
Aramin, interview.
Names changed in this section: Halim, Haitham, Murad, Yoav, Tariq.
Chapter 18: Trees
Traubman, Len and Libby. Interview with Penina, Summer 2015.
Levs, Josh. “Is Gaza ‘Occupied’ Territory?” CNN.
Bashi, Sari and Kenneth Mann. Disengaged Occupiers: The Legal Status of Gaza. Gisha: Legal Center for Freedom of Movement, January 2007, 9, 86.
“IDF Strikes at Gaza Targets after Kassam Rockets Fired into Israel.” Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, September 25, 2005.
Patience, Martin. “Playing Cat and Mouse with Gaza Rockets.” BBC News, February 28, 2008.
“683 People Killed in the Conflict in 2006.” B’Tselem, December 28, 2006.
Jefferey, Simon. “Hamas Celebrates Election Victory.” The Guardian, January 26, 2006.
Janssen, Floor. “Hamas and Its Positions Towards Israel: Understanding the Islamic Resistance Organization Through the Concept of Framing.” Clingendael Institute (January 2009): 30-33.
“Nour Shehada.” The Forgiveness Project.
“Zohar Shapira.” The Forgiveness Project.
Shapira, Yonatan. Interview and emails with Penina, December 2019.
Shapira, Itamar. Interview and emails with Penina and Sulaiman, December 2019.
Alon, interview.
Elhanan, Elik. Interview with Penina, Spring 2016.
Apkon, Stephen and Andrew Young, dir. Disturbing the Peace. Reconsider, 2016.
Elhanan, Rami. “Replacing Pain with Hope.” The Parents Circle – Families Forum.
Nice, Pamela. “Deconstruction of a Bombing/She Keeps on Driving.” Review of The Bombing, written and directed by Simone Bitton. Al Jadid: A Review & Record of Arab Culture and Arts, Spring 2001.
Huggler, Justin. “We Lost Our Daughter, but We Want Peace.” Independent, July 21, 2002.
Names changed in this section: Reem, Esther, Hilit, Khaled, Imran.
Chapter 19: Bullets & theater
Mor, Reut. Interview with Penina, Summer 2016.
Harel, Amos. “How Were Palestinian Militants Able to Abduct Gilad Shalit?” Haaretz, October 18, 2011.
McCarthy, Rory. “Gaza: Israel’s Previous Attacks.” The Guardian, December 30, 2008.
“Profile: Lebanon’s Hezbollah Movement.” BBC News, March 15, 2016.
Frantzman, Seth J. “In Lebanon: A Soldier Remembers the Last War with Hezbollah in 2006—and Discusses the Next.” The Jerusalem Post, August 24, 2019.
“Timeline: Lebanon Conflict.” Al Jazeera, August 20, 2006.
“Timeline of the July War 2006.” The Daily Star, September 28, 2006.
Alon, interview.
Shapira, Yonatan, interview and emails.
McCarthy, Rory and Conal Urquhart. “Children Among 19 Killed by Israeli Tank Fire.” The Guardian, November 8, 2006.
Elhanan, interview.
Chapter 20:
The year of
long drives
Halperin, Liora. Babel in Zion: Jews, Nationalism, and Language Diversity in Palestine, 1920-1948. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2014, 142, 163.
Dowty, Alan. Arabs and Jews in Ottoman Palestine: Two Worlds Collide. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2019, 34, 88-89, 174, 183-4, e-book.
Sherwood, Harriet. “Israel to Pay Family Compensation Over Killing of Palestinian Girl.” The Guardian, September 26, 2011.
Levenson, Chaim. “Court Holds State Responsible for Shooting of Palestinian Girl.” Haaretz, August 16, 2010.
Abu Sarah, Aziz and Bassam Aramin. “Justice Eludes Activist, Father of Palestinian Child Killed by IDF.” +972 Magazine, October 12, 2011.
Aramin, interview.
Shapira, Zohar interview.
Elhanan, interview.
“Palestinian PM Denied Gaza Entry.” BBC News, December 14, 2006.
“Indiscriminate Fire: Palestinian Rocket Attacks on Israel and Israeli Artillery Shelling in the Gaza Strip.” Human Rights Watch, June 30, 2007.
Morro, Paul. CRS Report for Congress: International Reaction to the Palestinian Unity Government. Congressional Research Service, May 2007, 1.
June 5, 2007 Peace Events. People's Peace Fund. August 11, 2010.
Kenny, interview.
Shilo, David (Dudu). Interview with Penina, Spring 2016.
Helou, Ahmed. Interview with Penina, Spring 2016.
Zagman, Shlomo. Emails with Penina, December 2019.
Names changed in this section: Ghassan Sistani, Abu Muhammad, Nasrin.
Chapter 21:
If I forget
Ehrlich, Sarah. “Farhud Memories: Baghdad’s 1941 Slaughter of the Jews.” BBC News, June 1, 2011.
Grynszpan, Michael, dir. The Forgotten Refugees. Berkeley: David Project & IsraTV, 2005.
“Mizrahi Jews.” Just Vision.
Translation adjusted from “Psalm 137.”
“Eight Years After the 2008-2009 (Cast Lead) Hostilities in Gaza: Lack of Accountability Persists.” OCHA: United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, March 11, 2017.
“Fatalities During Operation Cast Lead.” B’Tselem.
Chapter 22:
If I remember
Gibson, Shimon. "The Stone Vessel Industry at Hizma." Israel Exploration Journal 33, no. 3/4 (1983): 176.
Albright, W.F. "Excavations and Results at Tell El-Ful (Gibeah of Saul)." The Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 4 (1922): 76, 156.
Information for Visitors to the City of David National Park. Emek Shaveh, 1-2.
Rapoport, Meron. Shady Dealings in Silwan. Ir Amim, May 2009, 31.
“Projects: Jerusalem – City of David.” Conservation Department: Heritage Conservation in Israel.
Applied Research Institute. Hizma Village Profile, 17.
HaKohen, Yehuda. Interview with Penina Spring 2016.
Chapter 23:
Balloons
Inbar, Buma. Emails with Penina, March 2020.
Shapira, Yonatan, interview and emails.
Beiler, Ryan Rodrick. “’I Was ‘Part of a Terror Organization,’ Says Israeli Pilot Turned Activist.” Electronic Intifada, February 10, 2015.
“50 Days: More Than 500 Children,” B’Tselem.
“Key Figures on the 2014 Hostilities,” OCHA.
Helou, interview.
“Israel Election: Netanyahu’s Likud Storms to Victory.” BBC News, March 18, 2015.
Zonszein, Mairav. “Binyamin Netanyahu: ‘Arab Voters are Heading to the Polling Stations in Droves.’” The Guardian, March 17, 2015.
King, A Quiet Revolution, 142, 158.
Martin, Douglas. “Menachem Froman Rabbi Seeking Peace, Dies at 68.” New York Times, March 9, 2013.
“Shared and Agreed Principles.” Two States, One Homeland.
Names changed in this section: Eyal.
Chapter 24:
You can’t get there from here
Strickert, Fred. Rachel Weeping: Jews, Christians, and Muslims at the Fortress Tomb. Collegeville: Liturgical Press, 1989, 69.
Abeles, Tzur. "Qubur Bani Israil," 'Atiqot 32 (1997): 46.
Said, Edward. “The One-State Solution.” New York Times, January 10, 1999.
Apkon and Young, Disturbing the Peace.
Hizma Village Profile, Applied Research Institute, 16-17.
Darraj, Susan Muaddi. “Palestinian Fashion from Ancient Canaan to a Thobe in Congress.” Middle East Eye, June 10, 2020.
Katz, Maya. Interview with Penina, Spring 2016.
Shiff, Chemi. On Which Side is the Grass Greener: National Parks in Israel and the West Bank. Emek Shaveh, December 2017, 3.
“Why Wasn’t Netanyhau Invited to Inauguration of Adelson-funded Medical School in West Bank?” Haaretz, August 16, 2018.
Hassan, Zaha. “A Lawsuit Could Expose U.S. Organizations’ Involvement in West Bank Settlements.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, February 27, 2019.
Names changed in this section: Samuel, Alon.
Chapter 25:
The stone
& the valley
Names changed in this section: Amira, Dana.
Chapter 26:
A small revolution
Abualsoud, Haneen. Interview with Penina, December 2019.
Shibli, Aida. Emails with Penina and Sulaiman, December 2019.
“Netanyahu Announces Post-Election Plan to Annex Jordan Valley.” Al Jazeera, September 10, 2019.
Schor, Sophie. 40 Days and 40 Nights: Building a New Reality in Sumud Freedom Camp. +972 Magazine, July 3, 2017.
Names changed in this section: Naji.
Epilogue
Bote, Joshua. “'Get in good trouble, necessary trouble': Rep. John Lewis in his own words.” USA Today, July 18, 2020.